Latest Posts

  • Super Resolution Fluorescence Microscopy

    Eric Betzig, Stefan W. Hell and William E. Moerner were jointly awarded 2014 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the development of super- resolved fluorescence microscopy. Microscope has been used as a powerful scientific instrument in the study of cell, cell… Continue reading

  • Solar Windows

    Solar technology has been used to produce heat and electricity. Solar PV panels are installed on the roof of a building to produce household energy. Solar technology can be applied as a solar window for energy production and conservation. Heat… Continue reading

  • Bio-augmentation

    Microorganisms can be used to degrade waste pollutants in  the bio-augmentation process. Bio- augmentation is a sustainable approach to pollutant remediation. Bio-augmentation is a mimic of natural process, it uses less energy, it releases less air pollutant and it helps… Continue reading

  • Ecological Footprint

    Various tools have been developed to quantify sustainability of cities and countries and various aspects of sustainability includes aesthetic, environmental, financial, functional, political and social. Environmental Sustainability of urban or rural area can be measured with ecological footprint. Ecological footprint… Continue reading

  • Microbial Transport in Groundwater

    Microbial contamination of groundwater could induce waterborne diseases such as hepatitis A, viral gastroenteritis, cholera, typhoid fever and giardiasis. Microbes being living organism, their transport in the groundwater is different than abiotic materials (Ginn et al., 2002). Physical processes such… Continue reading

  • Ebola Virus Disease

    Handling of infected animals such as chimpanzees, gorillas, fruit bats, monkeys, forest antelope and porcupines has been believed to be the cause of Ebola virus infection to human population (WHO, 2014). Five identified subspecies of Ebola virus includes Ebola virus… Continue reading

  • Groundwater Microbes

    Groundwater has been believed to be free of microbial contamination because of long vertical transport for microbes to reach aquifers (Krauss, 2011). However, leakage from sanitation systems, disposal systems, underground storage tanks and accidental waste water discharge are potential sources… Continue reading

  • Groundwater Chemistry

    Chemical composition of groundwater is variable across the regions, geological formation and aquifers. The major inorganic constituents of groundwater comprises bicarbonate, calcium, chloride, magnesium, silicon, sodium, sulphate and carbonic acid (Candella and Movell, n.d; Department of Environment and Conservation, 2006).… Continue reading

  • Groundwater

    Groundwater constitutes two thirds of the world’s freshwater resources (Chapman, 1996).  According to NGWA (2014), 99% of the usable water comes from groundwater. Groundwater has been extracted for multiple uses however agricultural use accounts for 60% of the total extraction… Continue reading

  • DNA Mutation

    Heritable changes in the DNA sequence has been defined as DNA mutation.  DNA damaging agents such as X-rays, UV-rays or chemical might cause DNA mutation. Natural processes in the cell may result a spontaneous mutation and reaction between mutagen and… Continue reading